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| Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper, 1978 Dec 30, 54(24), 2602 - 8 {Preliminary microbiological findings in evaluation of pollution from Darsena petroli}; Melluso G et al.; The Concentration Factors (F.C.) of Coliforms, Enterococci, and Coliphages evaluated in Ciona intestinalis from Darsena Petroli are directly proportional to the relative residence-times into the sea water, stated as T90. Biochem J, 1978 Dec 1, 175(3), 807 - 12 beta-Aspartylglycine, a substance unique to caecal contents of germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice; Welling GW et al.; The caecal supernatants from germ-free, antibiotic-treated and control mice were compared with respect to their content of low-molecular-weight substances (less than 3500 mol . wt.) . The supernatants contained about the same amount of free amino acids . After acid hydrolysis, the caecal supernatants of germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice showed a 2.9-fold increase in free amino acids, whereas a similar treatment of the supernatant from control mice resulted in a 2.6-fold increase . By gel filtration on Sephadex G-25, and high-voltage paper electrophoresis at pH 3.5 of the fractions eluted after the void volume, it was found that the caecal supernatants of germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice contained a substance more acidic than aspartic acid . Preparative high-voltage electrophoresis, dansylation, amino acid analysis and a specific colour reaction showed the substance to be beta-aspartylglycine . After a minimal 36 h of treatment with neomycin and bacitracin, a high concentration of beta-aspartylglycine was found, and no enterococci and aerobic Gram-negative rods could be cultured from the caecal contents . The possibility that in one mouse the appearance of beta-aspartylglycine was related to a decrease in Gram-negative rods was ruled out by selective elimination of aerobic Gram-negative rods by using polymyxin B . This suggests that other bacteria concomitantly eliminated with the enterococci and aerobic Gram-negative rods, directly or indirectly, could play a role in the accumulation of beta-aspartylglycine. Ann Clin Res, 1978 Oct, 10(5), 247 - 51 Antibiotics in acute cholecystitis; Jarvinen H et al.; In 460 cholecystectomies performed for acute cholecystitis 215 (47%) positive gallbladder bile cultures were obtained . In 73% of emergency operations bacteria were recovered, in 48% of early operations (p less than 0.001) and in 29% of late operations (p less than 0.001) . In vitro concentrations of 8-16 mcg/ml of ampicillin or cephalothin inhibited in most cases the growth of E . coli, Klebsiella and Enterococci, which comprised 75% of all strains isolated . One hour after intravenous infusion of 1 g ampicillin the mean serum level was 21 mcg/ml, the mean common duct level 16 mcg/ml and the mean gallbladder bile level 4.4 mcg/ml . In acute cholecystitis 2 g cephalothin gave mean concentrations of 14, 8, and 1.2 mcg/ml . Most of these patients had cystic duct obstruction both on intravenous cholegraphy and during operation . Control patients with patent cystic ducts who received ampicillin had mean gallbladder and common duct bile levels of 47 and 56 mcg/ml, and those receiving cephalothin 23 and 28 mcg/ml . It appears that adequate gallbladder bile concentrations of antibiotics are not attainable in acute cholecystitis because of the obstruction to the bile flow . The favourable results of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in reducing septic complications seem to depend more on adequate serum and tissue concentrations than on the concentration of antibiotics in the bile. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol, 1978 Sep, (9), 101 - 5 {Enterocin typing of enterococci}; Sedov VI; The author worked out a method of enterocinotyping on enterococci . A possibility of enterococcus typing by means of a set of enterocinogenic enterococcus strains was shown . A mobile enterococcus 4 (10 p) strain, possessing a high antagonistic activity, is suggested for enterococcus identification . Differentiation of enterococcus species by the enterocine sensitivity proved to be impossible. J Clin Invest, 1978 Jun, 61(6), 1645 - 53 Plasmid-mediated resistance to antibiotic synergism in enterococci; Krogstad DJ et al.; Mating experiments have shown that high-level resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration greater than 2,000 microgram/ml) to streptomycin and kanamycin, and resistance to penicillin-streptomycin and penicillin-kanamycin synergism are transferable by conjugation from resistant clinical isolates of enterococci to a sensitive recipient strain . Cesium chloride-ethidium bromide ultracentrifugation revealed a satellite (plasmid) band in resistant clinical isolates and the transconjugant strains but not in the sensitive recipient . Examination of these satellite bands by agarose gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy demonstrated a common plasmid with a weight of 45 megadaltons . Novobiocin treatment of a resistant clinical isolate produced simultaneous loss of high-level resistance to streptomycin and kanamycin, and of resistance to penicillin-aminoglycoside synergism . These results suggest that (a) high-level resistance to streptomycin and kanamycin among some clinical isolates of enterococci is associated with a 45 megadalton plasmid, and (b) the same plasmid is also responsible for the resistance to penicillin-aminoglycoside synergism observed in these strains. South Med J, 1978 Jun, 71(6), 644 - 8 Multivalvular vegetations in a patient with enterococcal endocarditis diagnosed by echocardiography; Schoolmeester WL et al.; A patient with enterococcal endocarditis of 11 months' duration is presented, and the role of surgery and echocardiography is reviewed . Echocardiography revealed vegetations of the aortic and mitral valves . After appropriate antibiotic therapy the patient had successful aortic and mitral valve replacement with porcine heterografts . Enterococcal endocarditis is increasing in frequency and is likely to infect young women of childbearing age, elderly men who have had genitourinary tract manipulation, and abusers of intravenous drugs . Aortic and mitral valves are most frequently affected, cardiac failure is common, and often no evidence of underlying heart disease can be found . The use of echocardiography in this patient provided accurate diagnosis of valvular vegetations and assessment of the hemodynamic severity of the lesion, thus preventing the need for cardiac catheterization and its potential risk of septic embolization. Appl Environ Microbiol, 1978 Apr, 35(4), 663 - 9 Role of lime treatment in the removal of bacteria, enteric viruses, and coliphages in a wastewater reclamation plant; Grabow WO et al.; Lime flocculation/sedimentation in the first process unit of a 4,500-m3/day wastewater reclamation plant reduced numbers of microorganisms extensively when operated at pH 11.2 . The efficiency was much less at lower pH values, and some bacteria even multiplied at pH 9.6 . Data on reduction in the number of microorganisms in the lime treatment and subsequent units indicate that inactivation by hydroxide alkalinity plays an important role in the efficiency of lime treatment . Reductions in the numbers of enteric viruses were higher than those of coliphages, enterococci, and total plate and coliform bacteria, which indicate that lime treatment can be monitored by means of coliphage and conventional bacteriological tests . This paper illustrates the valuable role of high-pH lime treatment in reducing the load of pathogenic microorganisms on subsequent units, including ultimate disinfection processes, which is important in the multiple safety barrier concept of wastewater reclamation processes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1978 Mar, 13(3), 505 - 8 Penicillin and netilmicin in treatment of experimental enterococcal endocarditis; Carrizosa J et al.; Successful therapy of enterococcal endocarditis requires the use of a combination of penicillin plus an aminoglycoside . The effectiveness of penicillin (Pen), streptomycin (Str), and netilmicin (Net), a new aminoglycoside, alone and in combination, were studied in vitro and in the treatment of left-sided enterococcal endocarditis in rabbits . In vitro Pen+Str or Net resulted in a more rapid and more complete bactericidal effect than Pen, Str, or Net alone against a Str-susceptible strain of enterococcus (strain 1) . Against a highly Str-resistant strain (strain 2), Pen+Net showed an advantage over Pen, Str, or Net alone, or Pen+Str . Endocarditis was produced in rabbits with strain 1 or 2, and treatment was initiated 24 h later . Rabbits were treated for 48 h or 5 days with procaine Pen, Pen+Str, or Pen+Net . With strain 1, numbers of enterococci in the vegetations decreased more rapidly with Pen+Str or Pen+Net treatment than with Pen, Str, or Net alone . With strain 2, Pen+Net showed a clear advantage over Pen, Str, Net, or Pen+Str . Net in combination with Pen showed synergistic in vitro activity and was more effective than Pen alone in the treatment of enterococcal endocarditis in rabbits caused by both Str-susceptible and Str-resistant strains. Chemotherapy, 1978, 24(4), 236 - 9 In vitro activity of sisomicin and netilmicin alone and in combination with nafcillin, oxacillin and methicillin against enterococci; Watanakunakorn C et al.; The in vitro activity of sisomicin and netilmicin alone and in combination with nafcillin, oxacillin and methicillin against 30 strains of enterococci was investigated . Sisomicin and netilmicin alone were not very effective against enterococci . There was enhanced killing of some strains of enterococci by the combination of sisomicin or netilmicin with one of the three penicillinase-resistant penicillins . Nafcillin was the most effective penicillinase-resistant penicillin in the combination . Sisomicin appeared to be slightly more effective than netilmicin in combination with one of the penicillinase-resistant penicillins against enterococci. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol, 1978, (12), 52 - 5 {Differential diagnosis of enterococci}; Sedov VI; The most stable differential signs of enterococci are: growth in the medium at pH 10.2, growth in broth containing 40% bile, citrate utilization, resistance to 0,05% potassium tellurite, 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction, the staining of colonies (plaques) on a medium with manganese, iron and zinc salts, glycerine fermentation under anaerobic conditions, mannite fermentation, the presence of hemolysin, of the proteolytic enzyme, and mobility . Combined differential-diagnostic nutrient medium permits to determine simultaneously 5 enterococci signs--resistance to nalidixic acid and to crystal violet, TTC reduction, hemolytic and proteolytic activity . The suggested scheme of enterococci laboratory diagnosis including a set of hard nutrient media poured into multisection Petri dish is simple reliable and accessible for any bacteriological laboratory. Arch Intern Med, 1977 Nov, 137(11), 1562 - 7 Synergistic treatment of enterococcal endocarditis: in vitro and in vivo studies; Serra P et al.; Combinations of penicillin G sodium or ampicillin plus streptomycin sulfate do not produce synergism against all strains of enterococci . This lack of synergism was considered the cause of the failure in the treatment of enterococcal endocarditis . The effect of various combinations of antibiotics on 15 enterococcus strains, which had been isolated from patients with enterococcal endocarditis, was examined . The antibiotics included those that interfere with cell-wall synthesis and those that act on cell metabolism . The in vitro results have shown that while penicillin- or ampicillin-streptomycin combination was not synergistic in eight of 15 strains, penicillin- or ampicillin-gentamicin sulfate combination was synergistic in 100% of the cases . We report seven cases of enterococcal endocarditis that were successfully treated with penicillin- or ampicillin-gentamicin combination, thus confirming the effectiveness of this therapeutic regimen. Am J Med Sci, 1977 Nov-Dec, 274(3), 311 - 6 Diagnosis and successful management of septal myocardial abscess: a complication of bacterial endocarditis; Mildvan D et al.; A case of acute enterococcal aortic valve endocarditis is presented in which the complication of a septal myocardial abscess was diagnosed clinically and successfully treated surgically . This represents the first instant, to our knowledge, in which the preoperative diagnosis of a myocardial abscess served as the indication for emergency cardiac surgical intervention in active endocarditis with successful outcome . The diagnostic parameters permitting clinical recognition of a myocardial abscess include the development of advancing degrees of atrioventricular and bundle branch block, and the finding of pericarditis or pericardial effusion in aortic valvular infections . Two additional findings were noted in the present case: echocardiographic evidence of septal thickening, and loss of septal Q waves on the electrocardiogram . Since myocardial abscesses do not respond to medical therapy, continuous electrocardiographic monitoring and frequent echocardiographic determinations are recommended in cases of active aortic valve endocarditis to permit early diagnosis and surgical management of this complication. J Reprod Med, 1977 Jul, 19(1), 17 - 20 A pure enterococcal abscess after cesarean section; Gibbs RS et al.; The pathogenic role of the enterococcus in pelvic infections is controversial . This case report of a pure enterococcal abscess developing after cesarean section supports the view that this organism can be a primary pathogen in obstetric and gynecologic infections . Because of its unusual sensitivity pattern, the enterococcus requires specific antibiotic therapy. J Am Osteopath Assoc, 1977 Apr, 76(8), 576 - 84 Infective endocarditis: a current review; Blumenthal J et al.; Infective endocarditis is a dynamic disease for which various infective organisms may be responsible in different patient populations . Antimicrobial therapy should be directed against the specific organism after it has been identified by blood culture . An agent with a spectrum that includes the enterococci should be given in the meantime . Prophylactic use of a bactericidal agent is necessary for patients with valvular or congenital heart disease . Recent advances in microbiologic and cardiac diagnostic procedures offer the clinician various methods of following the activity of the disease, and immunobiology has provided new insights into its pathogenesis. Am J Med, 1977 Jan, 62(1), 133 - 8 Echocardiographic appearance of ruptured aortic cusp; Rolston WA et al.; Serial echocardiograms of a patient with enterococcal endocarditis and aortic insufficiency suggested the presence of vegetations on the aortic valve with progression of the lesion to frank prolapse of an aortic valve cusp . At surgery, the patient was found to have a flail noncoronary cusp to which an 8 mm vegetation was adherent . Anatomic correlations are presented, and a possible mechanism for the unusual echographic findings is discussed. Arch Intern Med, 1976 Oct, 136(10), 1173 - 4 Infective endocarditis following human-to-human enterococcal transmission: a complication of intravenous narcotic abuse; Hall RW et al.; Two heroin addicts, husband and wife, who shared injection paraphernalia extensively, developed enterococcal endocarditis within six weeks of one another . The etiologic organisms were of the same subspecies and had identical antibiotic susceptibilities and biochemical profiles . The clinical, epidemiologic, and bacteriologic data strongly suggest human-to-human transmission of the pathogen. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1976 Sep 15, 126(2), 226 - 9 Bacteriologic effects of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section; Gibbs RS et al.; An eight-hour course of prophylactic clindamycin and gentamicin was given to 54 service patients undergoing cesarean section . Aerobic and anaerobic endometrial cultures obtained from eight patients who developed endometritis after prophylaxis revealed major changes in flora . Compared to infected patients who had received no prophylaxis, the clindamycin-gentamicin group had marked decreases in aerobic and anaerobic cocci and Bacteroides but increases in E . coli and enterococci . However, this regimen was found to be no more effective than the previously reported regimen of ampicillin and kanamycin. Zentralbl Bakteriol {Orig A}, 1976 Aug, 235(4), 527 - 53 {Viable bacterial counts by agar-droplet technique (author's transl)}; Koller W et al.; This paper deals with 1) Analysis of the agar droplet technique for viable bacterial counts with respect to a new technical aid (Colworth DROPLETTETM); 2) Comparison of the results obtained from two conventional plate count techniques and the agar-droplet method; 3) Examples for the practical use of this new technique . As a helpful aid for the agar-droplet technique there now exists an apparatus (Colworth DROPLETTETM, Fig.1) which facilitates dilution and dispension of bacteria containing agar, as well as counting of colonies grown in agar droplets . Precision and reproducibility of the diluter/dispenser was found to be within the limits of the usual sampling error (Tab.1, Fig . 2, Fig . 3) . The visibility of colonies grown in agar droplets is improved by a ten-fold enlargement on the ground glass screen of the viewer (Fig . 7) . In order to obtain droplets of equal size a standardised dropping-technique is required . The fluid agar must not exceed a constant temperature of 50 degrees C as otherwise four of the five species tested (Staph . aureus, E . coli, Kl . aerogenes, Ps . aeruginosa and Enterococci) were significantly reduced in number during the manipulation (Fig . 4, Fig . 5) . Agar droplet technique, flooding technique and pour plates gave similar results with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria from medical routine materials . Comparing the arithmetic means, viable counts of Staph . aureus were slightly higher from pour plates while E . coli and Kl . aerogenes gave the highest counts on flooded plates (Tab . 8-11) . All of the three methods produced relatively too low counts when the number of bacteria per sample surmounted 300 . Counts below 10 allow only a very poor estimation of the actual number of bacteria (Tab . 12) . The variability of droplet counts with bacterial numbers higher than 25 was less then the one of corresponding plate counts (Tab . 14-16) . Significant savings in materials, labour and incubator space are made with the agar droplet method . As examples for the practical use of the new method the results of the kinetics of thermally inactivated as well as of growing bacteria are presented. J Lab Clin Med, 1976 Jul, 88(1), 132 - 41 Antibiotic synergism in enterococcal endocarditis; Carrizosa J et al.; The recognition of enterococci highly resistant to streptomycin (S) raises questions concerning the choice of aminoglycoside in treatment of enterococcal endocarditis . Left-sided endocarditis was induced in rabbits with an S-sensitive enterococcus, strain 1 (inhibited by 125 mug per milliliter S), and an S-resistant enterococcus, strain 2 (resistant to 7,500 mug per milliliter S) . Treatment was initiated 6 hours, 24 hours, or 3 days after infection with procaine penicillin (P) alone, P plus S, P plus gentamicin (G), or P plus sisomicin (Si) . In rabbits infected with strain 1 for 6 hours before treatment, most vegetations were sterile after 3 days therapy with each combination but not with P alone which had mean log10 colony forming units per gram of vegetation (log CFU) of 2.5 . With strain 2 the log CFU were lower (1.9 to 2.6) with each combination than with P (4.0) . In rabbits infected with strain 1 for 24 hours and then given 9 days of therapy, the log CFU were decreased with each combination (2.0 to 2.3) as compared with P alone (4.9) . With strain 2 the log CFU were lower with P plus G or Si (1.5 and 2.5) than with P alone or P plus S (4.5 AND 4.1) . In rabbits infected with strain 1 for 3 days and then given 7 days of therapy, the log CFU were 4.1 to 5.5 with each combination and 6.7 with P . With strain 2 the log CFU was 4.0 with P plus G or Si as compared with 6.4 and 6.7 for P or P + S . These studies showed little difference between the 3 antibiotic combinations with the S-sensitive enterococcus or in early (6-hour) endocarditis caused by the S-resistant enterococcus . There was a large advantage of P plus G and P plus Si over P + S in more established (24 hour or 3 day) endocarditis caused by the S-resistant enterococcus. Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 1976 Feb 27, 101(9), 325 - 8 {Bactericidal dosie-activity relationships with E . coli, K . pneumoniae and Staph . aureus (author's transl)}; Shah PM et al.; In investigations into the dosis-activity relationships of bactericidal antibiotics used against E . coli, K . pneumoniae and Staph . aureus four types of activity could be demonstrated . The penicillin type shows almost no improvement in bactericidal activity despite increasing the dosage above a certain level . An increase in concentration of aminoglycoside antibiotics led to a more rapid killing of the bacteria . In cefalotin there was a linear dosis-activity relationship: rising concentrations of antibiotics led to an ever increasing bactericidal effect . The paradoxical bactericidal effect ("Eagle effect'') described for penicillin G with enterococci could not be demonstrated. Infect Immun, 1976 Jan, 13(1), 22 - 6 Microbial synergy in experimental intra-abdominal abscess; Onderdonk AB et al.; Intra-abdominal sepsis was studied in Wistar rats by using four microbial species: Escherichia coli, enterococci, Bacteroides fragilis, and Fusobacterium varium . These organisms were implanted into the peritoneal cavity singly and in all possible dual combinations . Results were evaluated by mortality rates and the incidence of intra-abdominal abscesses on autopsy following sacrifice after 7 days . Mortality was restricted to recipients of E . coli, thus implicating coliforms in the acute lethality associated with this experimental model . Intra-abdominal abscesses were produced in 61 of 95 (94%) animals that received the combination of an anaerobe and a facultative organism . Abscesses failed to form with any single strain or with E . coli plus enterococci, and they were detected in one 1 of 19 animals receiving B . fragilis plus F . varium . These results suggest that intra-abdominal abscess formation is related to synergy between anaerobes and facultative bacteria. Stomatol DDR, 1975 Dec, 25(12), 801 - 8 {Bacteriological studies during conservative treatment of periapical inflammations}; Klinger G et al.; 32 teeth with the diagnosis of periapical osteitis (established by clinical and radiological examinations) were subjected to endodontic treatment (irrigation with hydrogen peroxide), the course of which was followed by bacteriological examinations . The timing of treatment termination depended solely upon clinical evaluation . The examination of smears taken before the last irrigation showed that 26 of the 32 root canals (81%) were germ-free; in 2 cases, an anaerobic infection was still extant; and in 4 cases, an aerobic infection was observed . The high percentage of root canals which were germ-free before the last irrigation testifies to the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide application for disinfecting root canals on the one hand, and demonstrates the good agreement between clinical and bacteriological findings on the other hand . The germs identified belonged mainly to the normal oral flora . Enterococci proved to be particularly resistant . The conservative treatment of periapical osteitis by means of root-canal disinfection with a hydrogen peroxide preparation ans subsequent root-canal filling with a calcium peroxide paste is recommended. Pathol Biol (Paris), 1975 May, 23(5), 345 - 8 Effectiveness of carbenicillin - aminoglycoside and of cephalothin-aminoglycoside combinations against enterococci in vitro; Klastersky J et al.; Combination of carbenicillin and cephalothin with various aminoglycosides (gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, kanamycin and amikacin) were studied in vitro using 20 strains of enterococci isolated from clinical material . The addition of the aminoglycosides to carbenicillin increased the rate of bactericidal action of carbenicillin on most strains . Little benefit was obtained by adding the aminoglycosides to cephalothin and antagonistic action has been observed on some strains. Arch Otolaryngol, 1975 Apr, 101(4), 235 - 7 Clindamycin . A Trojan horse? Ramirez-Ronda CH, Sandford JP. Clindamycin is a widely used antibiotic with a spectrum that includes Gram-positive bacteria, with the exception of enterococci, and Gram-negative anaerobes . Toxicities include clindamycin colitis, a pseudomembranous colitis that can be fatal . The colitis usually is related to dosage and duration of therapy, but can occur after ingestion of only several capsules . Once diarrhea develops in a patient taking clindamycin, the drug should be stopped and diagnostic measures to define colitis initiated . If colitis is present, it should be managed aggressively, probably with corticosteroids and with intensive supportive measures. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm, 1975 Mar, 11(2), 85 - 92 {Cephalosporin antibiotics from microbiologic viewpoint . A comparison of antibacterial and pharmacokinetic properties}; Naumann P; With the necessity not only of differentiating between effectiveness and non-effectiveness, as in the earlier phases of chemotherapy, but also of detecting graduated differences in effect quantitatively, animal experiment and clinical trial have been shown to be no longer adequate . In a correlating comparison of antibacterial activity with the drug level in vivo as the two decisive basic elements of chemotherapeutic effect, new and interesting possibilities arise for the evaluation of antibiotics . In a comparative evaluation of nine different cephalosporin antibiotics, not only the objective antibacterial and pharmacokinetic properties are taken into consideration, but also the dosage recommendations of the manufacturers as subjective factors . The result is that the cephalosporins in the treatment of gram-positive infections (except enterococci) are almost equivalent . In the gram-negative field, there are marked differences which produce a different species-dependent therapeutic value for the various preparations . A fundamentally superior "universal" cephalosporin for all bacterial infections does not exist. J Med Microbiol, 1975 Feb, 8(1), 1 - 10 Activity of amoxycillin against enterococci and synergism with aminoglycoside antibiotics; Russell EJ et al.; Amoxycillin was more active in vitro than ampicillin or benzylpenicillin against clinical isolates of enterococci . All 55 strains tested were sensitive to the three penicillins but 15 strains showed a high level of resistance to streptomycin and two of these were also insensitive to kanamycin . All strains were sensitive to gentamicin, which was the most active of the aminoglycoside antibiotics . The penicillins showed pronounced bactericidal activity against the enterococci but failed to sterilise cultures of these organisms . Combinations of penicillins and aminoglycosides invariably produced synergistic bactericidal effects which resulted in sterilisation of cultures of these organisms . Combinations of penicillins and aminoglycosides invariably produced synergistic bactericidal effects which resulted in sterilisation of cultures of enterococci provided that the strain was sensitive to the aminoglycoside moiety of the antibiotic combination . Synergism was not observed with a combination of a penicillin and an aminoglycoside when the enterococcus was resistant to the aminoglycoside . The data reported suggest that amoxycillin may have certain advantages, compared with ampicillin or benzylpenicillin, for the treatment of enterococcal infections. Genetika, 1975, 11(12), 37 - 44 {The interrelationship between the inhibitory activity of milk with different types of beta-lactoglobulins and the resistance of cattle to mastitis}; Kriventsov IuM et al.; In the course of the investigation of piebald (black-white) cattle it is found that 17,62% animals produce the AA type beta-lactoglobulin, 49,52%--the AB type and 32,86%--the BB type . The higher inhibitory activity of milk with the BB type beta-lactoglobulin was found which retained in dilution 1 : 32 . The total flora of teat, cyst and parenchyma milk of animals with the BB type beta-lactoglobulin as well as Enterococcus bacteria were much lower than in milk of cows with the AA type homogenous form . The animals with the first type of milk protein had mastitis more rarely as compared to those with the second type . The animals with heterogenous form of beta-lactoglobulin had intermediate values in most of their characteristics.
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