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Mutation in yaaT Leads to Significant Inhibition of Phosphorelay during Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Shigeo Hosoya, 2002.In the course of a Bacillus subtilis functional genomics project which involved screening for sporulation genes, we identified an open reading frame, yaaT, whose disruptant exhibits a sporulation defect . Twenty-four hours after the initiation of sporulation, most cells of the yaaT mutant exhibited stage 0 of sporulation, indicating that the yaaT mutation blocks sporulation at an early stage . Furthermore, the mutation in yaaT led to a significant decrease in transcription from a promoter controlled by Spo0A, a key response regulator required for the initiation of sporulation . However, neither the level of transcription of spo0A, the activity of  H, which transcribes spo0A, nor the amount of Spo0A protein was severely affected by the mutation in yaaT . Bypassing the phosphorelay by introducing an spo0A mutation (sof-1) into the yaaT mutant suppressed the sporulation defect, suggesting that the yaaT mutation interferes with the phosphorelay process comprising Spo0F, Spo0B, and histidine kinases . We also observed that mutation of spo0E, which encodes the phosphatase that dephosphorylates Spo0A-P, suppressed the sporulation defect in the yaaT mutant . These results strongly suggest that yaaT plays a significant role in the transduction of signals to the phosphorelay for initiation of sporulation . Micrographs indicated that YaaT-green fluorescent protein localizes to the peripheral membrane, as well as to the septum, during sporulation .
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