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Cellular Levels of trp RNA-Binding Attenuation Protein in Bacillus subtilis. Barbara C. McCabe, 2004.Expression of the Bacillus subtilis trp genes is negatively regulated by an 11-subunit trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP), which is activated to bind RNA by binding L-tryptophan . We used Western blotting to estimate that there are 200 to 400 TRAP 11-mer molecules per cell in cells grown in either minimal or rich medium . Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity of ORI-9020, a Novel Phosphorothioate Dinucleotide, in a Transgenic Mouse Model. Radhakrishnan P. Iyer, 2004.ORI-9020, a novel dinucleotide, evaluated in transgenic mice expressing hepatitis B virus (HBV), significantly reduced liver HBV DNA (P  0.001) . Levels of HBeAg and HBsAg in serum and of HBcAg in liver were not affected by treatment . A minimal effective dosage was determined to be between 1.6 and 0.5 mg/kg of body weight/day, which was similar to that observed for adefovir dipivoxil .
Genes Required for Plasmid R64 Thin-Pilus Biogenesis: Identification and Localization of Products of the pilK, pilM, pilO, pilP, pilR, and pilT Genes. Daisuke Sakai, 2002.We have previously shown that the pilL, pilN, pilQ, pilS, pilU, and pilV genes of plasmid R64 encode outer membrane lipoprotein, secretin, cytoplasmic ATPase, major pilin, prepilin peptidase, and minor pilin, respectively, which are required for thin-pilus formation . In this work, we characterized the products of the remaining essential genes, pilK, pilM, pilO, pilP, pilR, and pilT, with regard to their localization and processing . Overexpression systems containing pilM, pilO, and pilP genes fused with N-terminal glutathione S-transferase (GST) or a His tag were constructed . Overproduced proteins were purified and used to raise specific antibodies . Localization of PilM, PilO, and PilP proteins was performed by Western blot analysis with anti-GST-PilM, anti-PilO, and anti-PilP antibodies, respectively . The pilK, pilR, and pilT products were produced with a C-terminal His tag and then detected by anti-His tag antibody . Subcellular fractionation experiments with Escherichia coli cells producing R64 thin pili revealed that PilK, PilM, and PilR are inner membrane proteins, and PilP and PilT are periplasmic proteins . PilO protein was localized to the outer membrane in the presence of other Pil proteins, whereas it was localized to the cytoplasm in the absence of these proteins . Furthermore, the cleavage site of PilP protein was determined by N-terminal amino acid sequencing of purified mature PilP protein . We predict that PilK, PilM, PilO, PilP, and PilT proteins function as the components of the pilin transport apparatus and thin-pilus basal body . Physical Map of the Linear Chromosome of Streptomyces hygroscopicus 10-22 Deduced by Analysis of Overlapping Large Chromosomal Deletions. Xiuhua Pang, 2002. Antigenic Hepatitis A Virus Structures May Be Produced in Escherichia coli. Glòria Sánchez, 2003.The synthesis of 14S pentamers and 70S empty capsids of hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been accomplished by expressing the viral genome for periods of time longer than 4 h in Escherichia coli . HAV pentamers (14S) self-assembled into capsids (70S) in vitro . The antibodies induced by these structures recognized and neutralized HAV .
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