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| Dev Biol Stand, 1975, 28, 435 - 8 The anti-MAP and anti-group A carbohydrate antibodies response in streptococcal human infections; Mihalcu F et al.; The streptococcal infection cases from two outbreaks were serologically examined against two components of the streptococcal cellular wall; the M associated protein (MAP), by a latex agglutination test and the group A carbohydrate (A-CHO), by passive hemagglutination technique . Many positive cases with high levels of both antibodies were found, in rheumatic fever and glomerulo-nephritis, comparatively with the acute streptococcal infections . The differences were statistically significant . The results were correlated with the ASO titres and with the dermic cellular response. Dev Biol Stand, 1975, 28, 246 - 50 The immune cellular response tested by lymphocyte transformation in the streptococcal infections; Mihalcu F et al.; Thirty-five children between 6 and 17 years treated in the clinic for scarlet fever, rheumatic fever and other non-streptococcal infections as controls, were tested by lymphocyte transformation to four streptococcal antigens . In all cases of scarlet fever and especially of rheumatic fever the lymphocytes were better stimulated by streptococcal products than in the control group . The SO and the MAP fraction showed a good stimulating activity . The response in the rheumatic fever patients was not influenced by the steroid treatment, nor by the stage of the illness . A parallelism with high humoral and cellular responses to SO at the beginning of the acute rheumatic fever was observed, followed by a dissociation of both responses during the evolution with the maintenance of the cellular one and the decrease of the ASO titre. J Immunol, 1975 Jan, 114(1 Pt 1), 59 - 63 Use of radioimmunoassays to determine the concentration of streptococcal group-specific antibodies in rabbit antisera; Bernstein D et al.; A radioimmunoassay was developed for the quantitation of antibodies to the Group A, A-variant, and C carbohydrates in rabbit streptococcal antisera . The assay employs radiolabeled purified Group carbohydrate which has been tyrosylated to allow for incorporation of 125-I . This assay has an advantage over the intitative precipitin test because it measures non-precipitating antibody in addition to precipitating antibody . Furthermore, 7S anti-IgG in rabbit antisera give a falsely elevated value for the antibody concentration in the quantitative precipitin test . This did not occur with the radioimmunoassay . The assay described is reproducible, sensitive, and uses little antisera. Scand J Immunol, 1975, 4(4), 409 - 12 Reaction of thymus epithelial cells with antibodies to group A streptococcal polysaccharide; Lyampert IM et al.; Immunofluorescence studies show that thymus epithelial cells react with antibodies to group A streptococcal polysaccharide. Neoplasma, 1975, 22(3), 279 - 84 Lowering of the tumoricide activity of human serum with Varidase . II . Antibodies against Varidase in human serum measured by complement binding; Mikolasek J; Active human serum manifests a tumoricide effect against cells of the Ehrlich ascites tumor . Sera of patients with Ca ventriculi show a higher effect than those of patients with a chronic streptococcal disorder, in comparison with intact subjects . This tumorcide effect is depressed by Varidase, the degree of depression being greatest in the group of patients with streptococcal infection, smaller in healthy subjects and least in carcinoma patients . The investigated sera contained antibodies against Varidase, but not against streptokinase . The anti-Varidase antibodies are found also in sera of the new-born children . The decline of the tumoricide activity of Varidase-treated sera is related to the quantity of anti-Varidase antibodies determined by complement fixing reaction in non-treated sera. Clin Nephrol, 1975, 3(4), 153 - 9 Allergic interstitial nephritis: report of a case with activation of complement by the alternate pathway; Walter L et al.; An eighteen year old woman developed a streptococcal pharyngitis documented by throat culture . After two days of treatment with penicillin she developed arthritis and abdominal pain and within a week became anuric . Her renal biopsy revealed extensive interstitial nephritis without proliferative glomerular changes . Serum properdin levels were significantly reduced and immunofluorescence studies demonstrated properdin deposition within the glomeruli, C1, C4 and C2 were not depressed nor were they demonstrable within the glomeruli . These results support activation of complement apparently only by the alternate pathway, a finding heretofore noted only in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. J Immunol, 1975 Jan, 114(1 Pt 2), 306 - 9 Increased immunologic reactivity between human glomerular basement membrane and group A type 12 streptococcal cell membrane after carbohydrase treatment; Blue WT et al.; Anti-streptococcal cell membrane and anti-human glomerular antisera were evaluated on normal human kidney sections by an indirect immunofluorescent test both before and after absorptions with homologous and heterologous membrane preparations . The observed cross-reactions were potentiated by removal of carbohydrate units from both membrane-types by carbohydrase, a mixture of carbohydrate-cleaving enzymes. J Clin Invest, 1975 Jan, 55(1), 157 - 65 Serum IgD and IgE concentrations in immunodeficiency diseases; Buckley RH et al.; Concentrations of IgD and IgE were measured in sera from 165 patients with well-defined immunodeficiency in an effort to find information possibly relevant to the roles of antibodies of these classes in host defense . Values for both immunoglobulins were generally quite low in patients who had marked deficiencies of all three major immunoglobulins, although occasional normal or high normal values for IgD were seen in hypogammaglobulinemic patients . Group mean IgD concentrations were also depressed in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and in those with selective IgA deficiency; IgE concentrations were depressed in patients with X-linked immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM and in those with ataxia telangiectasia . IgD and IgE were both significantly elevated in patients with extreme hyperimmunoglobulinemia E and undue susceptibility to infection and in a patient with the Nezelof syndrome; none of these patients had histories suggestive of atopy . In addition, the mean IgE concentration was significantly elevated in patients with selective IgA deficiency, many of whom were atopic, and in those with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome . The highest IgD concentration (163 mg/100 ml) was found in serum from a boy with variable immunodeficiency who had a lifelong history of severe recurrent pharyngeal infections, primarily streptococcal in etiology . Recurrent staphylococcal infection was a feature common to many but not all patients with elevated serum IgE concentration . These data may prove useful in the future delineation of biologic roles for antibodies in these two immunoglobulin classes. Contact Dermatitis, 1975, 1(1), 33 - 7 Occupational dermatoses among foresters; Siregar RS; The incidence of occupational dermatoses among the forest workers of a timber company has been investigated . In the survey 73.69% of the occupational dermatoses observed were contact dermatitis, predominantly due to sawdust and sap . Insect bites, mycotic infections and staphylococcal and streptococcal infections were seen . The results of the survey and preventive measures are discussed. Ann Sclavo, 1974 Nov-Dec, 16(6), 673 - 83 {Changes in some blood lipid fractions in experimental poisoning with streptococcal toxin}; Rossolini A et al.; After an short bibliographic records in the relation between the endotoxine and lipydic metabolism, the AA . expose an inquiry on the rabbit . Ten rabbits (weight 2500-3000 g) were traited with 10 U.E . (haemolitic units) of streptococcal toxine (1/10 of DL50 for the rabbit) . A conspicous increase of all the fractions examined, was remarked in all traited animals . The total lipids and the triglycerides reached the biggest value at 24 hours . Even the two fractions of cholesterol have increased, but the biggest concentration was at 48 hours . An hypotesis of interpretation can be that the streptococcal toxine produce the modification of lipidemic outline with the iperincretion of catecolamine, as in first phase of all toxinfections processes. Acta Derm Venereol, 1973, 53(4), 313 - 7 Erythema nodosum migrans; Hannuksela M; PIP: During 1963-1971 at the University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 438 patients with erythema nodosum (EN) were seen . Of these 56 were diagnosed erythema nodosum migrans (ENmi), which is considered only a clinical variation of EN . Only 3 of these patients were men . The mean duration of the eruption was 4.5 months . The number of nodules varied from 1 to 8 . In 40 patients they were unilateral . No scarring resulted . Patients' general health was good . Fever and artholgia were rare.1 In half the ENmi cases no other disease or condition could be associated with the eruption . Of conditions possibly triggering the EN, pregnancy was recorded in 40 percent; streptococcal infections and sarcoidosis were next in frequency . The number of oral contraceptive users among EN patients was 2 1/2 times as high as expected based on sales figures . (According to the sales statistics 16 percent of women of fertile age in Finland take this medication while 40 percent of women of fertile age with EN were taking oral contraceptions at onset of the eruption . ) This supports the view that female sex hormones may influence the host response to various agents . Ghana Med J, 1971 Mar, 10(1), 9 - 13 Rheumatic heart disease in children in developing countries; Antia AU et al.; The features of rheumatic heart disease in 31 Nigerian children aged 5-11 years are presented . The majority of these children sought medical attention when they were in advanced cardiac failure . In approximately 23% of the children a past history of acute rheumatic fever was obtained . It is suggested that in developing countries, skin ulcers may be as important a focus of beta-haemolytic streptococcal infection as the throat is in developed countries in the aetiology of acute rheumatic fever . Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries present two main problems, namely, diagnosis and management including prophylaxis . The differential diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease in some tropical countries and the factors which affect the management of the disease are discussed.
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