|
|
|
|
|
|
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol, 1975 Mar, 0(3), 52 - 6 {Group specific antibodies in generalized forms of meningococcal infection}; Kostiukov NN et al.; Seroconversion was revealed in the indirect hemagglutination test with a stable erythrocytic diagnostic agent containing meningococcus antigen of serogroup A in 93.4% of patients with generalized forms of meningococcus infection . A study of the sera obtained at various periods of the disease from 168 patients showed that the antibodies increased sharply during the first days, reaching the maximum (1:2560--1:10240) on the 5th--10th day of the disease; then the titres decreased somewhat becoming stabilizaed at the same level up to recovery . In 75--92% of the persons of control group (patients with meningites of nonmeningococcal etiology, healthy persons and those suffering from gonorrhea) the antibody titre was not over 1:20--1:40; no dynamic increase in its level was noted . The diagnostic value of the reaction for differentiation of meningococcus etiology from other meningites is emphasized. Arch Intern Med, 1975 Feb, 135(2), 314 - 6 Acute meningococcal pericarditis without meningitis; Naraqi S et al.; Meningococcla pericarditis without evidence of meningitis of pericardial effusion in an 18-year-old man was cured following a ten-day course of orally administered ampicillin . Acute pericarditis resembling benign or viral pericarditis amy rarely be due to N meningitidis. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol, 1975 Feb, (2), 105 - 9 {Possibility of increasing the sensitivity of the fluorescent antibody indirect method in detection of meningococci}; Mikhailov IF et al.; It was shown that different representatives of the Neisseria genus had common antigens of protein nature, detected by the immunofluorescent method . Common antigens can be destroyed during treatment of bacterial smears with proteolytic enzymes; with preservation of group-specific antigens this considerably increases the specificity of the fluorescent antibody method in detection of meningococci. J Exp Med, 1975 Feb 1, 141(2), 297 - 305 Pili on meningococci from primary cultures of nasopharyngeal carriers and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute disease; DeVoe IW et al.; The nasopharynx of known meningococcal carriers without signs of acute meningococcal disease as well as cerebrospinal fluid from patients with acute meningococcal disease were cultured on Thayer-Martin agar . Pili were observed in negatively stained preparations of over 80% cells from all primary cultures of both nasopharnyx and cerebrospinal fluids . Although pili were abundant on cells from all primary cultures, all pili were lost on serial subculture in the laboratory . This loss of pili from the cell surface on laboratory subculture was not accompanied by a concomitant loss of cell wall blebs. J Bacteriol, 1975 Feb, 121(2), 471 - 4 Transformation of leucine and rifampin traits in Neisseria gonorrhoeae with deoxyribonucleic acid from homologous and heterologous origins; Wood DO et al.; A leucine-requiring, rifampin-sensitive strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was transformed to a leucine-nonrequiring, rifampin-resistant phenotype with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) obtained from both N . meningitidis and N . gonorrhoeae . The transforming efficiency of the meningococcal DNA was about 10- to 100-fold less than that of the homologous gonococcal DNA . A chemically defined medium that would support growth of most gonococcal isolates was used as a complete medium . A minimal medium was used for selection of Leu+ transformants . N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was used as a mutagen for isolating leucine prototrophs from leucine-requiring isolates of N . gonorrohoeae. Arkh Patol, 1975, 37(5), 45 - 50 {Morphological characteristics of meningococcemia in children}; Kan'shina NF et al.; Observations were conducted over 8 children aged 5 months to 3 years and 2 months, in whom the disease developed acutely and was accompanied by collapse . Death occurred within the first 12--36 hours from the onset of the disease . Morphologically, there were revealed haemorrhagic rash, initial phenomena of serous-purulent meningitis, clear-cut disorders of the microcirculation (stasis, thrombosis) in the skin, lungs, myocardium, kidneys . The cause of early death of the children with meningoccaemia turned out to be the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, the morphological manifestations of the latter being bilateral haemorrhages into the adrenals . In the kidneys capillarothrombosis may develop, which is in accord with the picture of the Sanarelli-Schwartzmann phenomenon, and may lead to the development of acute renal insufficiency with formation of cortical necroses of the kidneys. Zentralbl Bakteriol {Orig A}, 1975, 230(4), 551 - 5 {How fastidious are the so-called non-fastidious neisseriae? (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)}; Fahr AM et al.; 75 strains of all the so-called non-fastidious Neisseria species were examined for their ability to grow on blood and nutrient agar at temperatures between 22 degrees C and 45 degrees C . The result was that only Neisseria mucosa var . mucosa, N . catarrhalis, N . ovis and N . canis grow sufficiently on nutrient agar at 22 degrees C . N . lactamica has an even narrower range of of growth (30-37 degrees C) than meningococci . Therefore, the statement in Bergey's Mnaual that the saprophytic neisseriae can be separated from the pathogenic species by their minor needs for temperature and media should be corrected. Zentralbl Bakteriol {Orig A}, 1975, 230(2), 159 - 71 {Healthy meningococcal carriers in 1973 in Greece . Sensitivity of the isolated strains to minocycline, rifampicin and sulphadiazine (author's transl)}; Vassiliadis P et al.; The frequency of healthy carriers of meningococci in Greece in 1973 has been studied by examining 1105 nasopharyngeal swabs from 731 recruits, during the four recruitment periods of this year . The frequency of healthy carriers among inductees within 24 hours from the arrival in the Camp was 38.9% . After a stay of 35 to 40 days in the training Camp the frequency of healthy carriers rose to 66.4% . Among all the soldiers examined, 24.5% were carriers of meningococci of group B, 13.2% of non-typable strains, 8.1% of autoagglutinable strains, 4.1% of meningococci of group A, 3.7% of meningococci of group C and smaller percentages of strains of groups X, Y, Z and of cross-agglutinating strains . The prevalence of carriers of meningococci of groups A and C and of autoagglutinable strains was higher among recruits who have been in the Camp for 35 to 40 days . The prevalence of carriers of the other serogroups was about the same among the inductees and the other recruits . No significant differences were found in the frequency of carriers of each serogroup among soldiers on their arrival, who were permanent residents of urban or rural areas of various parts of the country . No significant seasonal variation was noted in the frequency of carriers of each serogroup . Frequent changes of the group of meningococci harboured were noted among 374 recruits examined upon their arrival, as well as after 35 to 40 days of residence in the training Camp . Among 534 strains of meningococci examined none was resistant to either minocycline or rifampicin . Among 226 strains isolated from inductees, 44.7% were resistant to 1 mug/ml of sulphadiazine, while among 235 strains isolated from recruits after they have been in the Camp for 35 to 40 days, 57.9% were resistant to that sulphonamide. Dev Biol Stand, 1975, 28, 439 - 42 A latex agglutination test for meningococcal infection diagnosis; Pasolescu O et al.; Immunodiagnosis is very useful especially in cases where bacteriological diagnosis cannot be made because of the high sensitivity of Neisseria meningitidis . A sensitive reaction is described for the detection of antimeningococcal antibodies using as antigen a latex suspension specifically sensitized with saline extracts from N . meningitidis groups A, B and C . The results prove the genus, species and serotype specificity of this reaction . The method is quick and easy to carry out, even in laboratories which do not possess elaborate equipment . The latex-antigen has the advantages of stability and possibility of standardization. Rev Ig Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol Pneumoftiziol Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol, 1975 Jan-Mar, 20(1), 41 - 5 {Clinical and therapeutic observations on 34 cases of meningococcic meningitis}; Gorgan V et al.; The present paper reports on 34 cases of meningococcal meningitis admitted during the last three years to the Clinic of Communicable Diseases of Cluj . The incidence was higher in adolescents and young adults (76%) . The clinical form was severe in 10 cases, medium in 19 cases and mild in 5 cases . All the patients recovered, with a mean duration of the disease of 9-12 days . No sequelae or relapses were recorded . The treatment was based upon penicillin G, 15 million U/day . In 17 cases sulfonamides were associated and in 5 cases chloramphenicol and ampicillin . In 29 cases intravenous, intramuscular or oral cortisone was administered and in 5 cases intrathecally . The results obtained in the cases treated only with penicillin were identical to those obtained by an associated therapy . Worthy of note was the decrease of the sensitivity of meningococci to sulfonamides and chloramphenicol and their increased resistance to tetracyclin and erythromycin. Rev Ig Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol Pneumoftiziol Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol, 1975 Jan-Mar, 20(1), 31 - 9 {Characteristics of the course of the last epidemic of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (ECSM) in the city of Bucharest}; Ionescu V et al.; Active survey of the epidemiologic potential of cerebrospinal meningitis, in Bucharest, starting in 1967, made it possible to carry out a complex study of the last epidemic wave in 1968-1972 . Details are given concerning the results of the complex epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory investigations, which revealed the particularities of this epidemic episode, including the frequency and gravity of the cases, territorial distribution, prevalent affection of certain age groups and children's communities, the prevalence of certain clinical forms, antigenic structure of the pathogenic agent and its sensitivity to antibiotics, comparative efficiency of the different methods of laboratory diagnosis, real and apparent contagiousness, etc . The authors discuss the efficiency of present methods applied in the prevention and control of meningococcal infections in general and of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in particular. Arkh Patol, 1975, 37(8), 13 - 9 {Vascular and immunological processes in the pathogenesis of meningococcal infection}; Gurevich PS et al.; A pathomorphological investigation of 115 lethal cases of various forms of meningococcal infection was carried out . Meningococcemia, its instantaneous forms in particular, are characterized by acute decompensation of the lymphoid system and generalized microangiopathy with the thrombohaemorrhagic syndrome . Haemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenals and damage of the hypophysis represented manifestations of the acute decompensation of the hormonal regulation . Inflammatory changes in meningococcemia were observed not in all the cases (they were absent in 1/4 of the deceased) . In meningitis (meningoencephalitis) without sepsis no generalized angiopathy was noted, immunomorphological changes were of a proliferative character . Previous sensibilization of the macroorganism was an important prerequisite for the development of meningococcal infection. N Engl J Med, 1973 Oct 4, 289(14), 748 - 9 Septic induced abortion; Jewett JF; PIP: A case of septic induced abortion in a 15-year-old girl referred to the hospital as a pediatric patient with the provisional diagnosis of meningococcemia is reported . The patient was admitted in shock, cyanotic, and vasoconstricted . Pertinent comments by the nurses that the patient admitted coitus 12 to 14 weeks previously and followed by amenorrhea, were apparently ignored . The 1st gynecologic consultant was called after the patient experienced severe cramps and passage of part of a placenta . He recommended intravenous oxytocin and curettage, but this advice was not followed because the hospital pharmacy did not stock oxytocin and because the administration would not permit curettage on a child . Dilation and curettage was performed after transfer to a general hospital . The patient died 6 weeks after admission, and the pathologist's final summary noted that extensive pneumonia together with organizing thrombi suggest that the patient may have thrown septic emboli very early in the course of her disease . It is concluded that errors and omissions were disastrous, but even more reprehensible was the failure of residents to credit nurses' notes or follow consultants' recommendations which clearly pointed all along to the correct diagnosis . Finally, when the patient aborted in bed, the urgency of intervention was not recognized and the time which was her last chance for survival was lost . Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1973 May 1, 116(1), 86 - 90 Gonococcicidal action of capper in vitro; Fiscina B et al.; PIP: Several copper and cupric ion sources were shown to kill or inhibit the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vitro . The media used was GC Agar Base supplemented with Isovitalex . Pure copper shot, cupric sulfate, and cupric chloride were used as copper sources . E . coli and Neisseria meningitis were used in addition to Neisseria gonorrhoeae to test the effects of the copper . It was found that micromolar amounts of the copper sulfate and copper chloride killed gonococci during relatively brief incubation while the organisms were in suspension . Inhibition of gonococcal or meningococcal growth was achieved by concentrations of cupric ion several-fold more dilute than was necessary to inhibit growth of E . coli . The sensitivity of gonococci is primarily of interest because of recent contraceptive uses of copper . The copper-containing intrauterine devices might offer prophylactic protection against gonococcal infection of the female genitalia . Paediatr Indones, 1972 Oct, 12(10), 409 - 26 Design of immunization programmes for developing countries; Henderson DA et al.; PIP: Factors to be considered in designing immunization programs in developing countries are summarized . The limiting factors will usually be costs of vaccines, administration equipment and supplies, transport and maintenance of the cold chain . Choices have to be made about the sources of vaccines, whether produced locally or imported, size of vaccine lots and type of package, and quality control of vaccines . Selection of vaccines is treated in a separate appendix, but generally 3 groups are recognized: 1) recommended for general use: smallpox, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, BCG, typhoid and measles; 2) recommended for special cases: polio and yellow fever; 3) not recommended for developing countries: rubella, mumps, influenza, cholera; and 4) vaccines in development stage only: arbovirus, rickettsia, trachoma, meningococci, plague and shigella . Schedules for vaccine administration are suggested, such as plans for vaccination every 2 years, plans for 4 courses of vaccinations including 1 at school entry, and special programs such as smallpox campaigns and immunization of adolescent girls and fertile women with tetanus . Finally the importance of recording of vaccinees and assessment of programs is discussed .
|
© 2005
Transgalactic Ltd (manufacturer of Bioscreen C software) |
Privacy Statement | P.O. Box
1393, 00101 Helsinki, Finland,
Last modified: May 25, 2005
| ||||||
