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Originally the bacteria were considered a group of fungi, except the cyanobacteria, which were not considered bacteria at all but rather blue-green algae. The discovery of their common prokaryotic cell structure, as distinct from all other organisms (all of them eukaryotes), led to their treatment as a single and separate group, variously called Monera, Bacteria, and Prokaryota. It was generally believed that this was a grade, in that the eukaryotes arose from prokaryotes. Yeast are a group of unicellular fungi a few species of which are commonly used to leaven bread and ferment alcoholic beverages. Most yeasts belong to the division Ascomycota. A few yeasts, such as Candida albicans can cause infection in humans. More than one-thousand species of yeasts have been described. The most commonly used yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was domesticated for wine, bread and beer production thousands of years ago. Click on following items to see more information: Acinetobacter, Antibacterial, Antibiotic, Antibiotic, Antibacterial, Bacilli, Bacterium, Bacterium, Antibacterial, Phages, Biofilm, Campylobacter, Cell culture, Citrobacter, Cryptococcus, E. coli, E. coli, E. coli, E. coli, E. coli, E. coli, Erythromycin, Yeast, Yeast, Haemophilus, Lactic acid bacteria, Meningococci, Bacterial, Microflora, Multidrug resistance, Pathogenic bacteria, Prokaryote, P. aeruginosa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Salmonella, Salmonella, Staphylococci, Staphylococci, Streptococcus, Streptomycin, Vibrio The history of microbiology, like all human history, is not a catalog of linear progress, but is more of an interweaving of the careers of bright individuals and their insights. Each new discovery relied on previous ones and in turn spawned further inquiry. A web of interdependent concepts evolved over time through the work of scientists in many related disciplines and nations. Often the research of one individual impacted the efforts of another studying a completely different problem. Keep this in mind as you look at this history. Major advances in bacteriology over the last century resulted in the development of many effective vaccines (e.g., pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, diphtheria toxoid, and tetanus toxoid) as well as of other vaccines (e.g., cholera, typhoid, and plague vaccines) that are less effective or have side effects. Another major advance was the discovery of antibiotics. These antimicrobial substances have not eradicated bacterial diseases, but they are powerful therapeutic tools.
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